5^th International Conference and Expo On Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Nano Toxicity

Nanotechnology is a fast developing field in the 21st century, and the commercial use of nanomaterials for novel applications is growing exponentially. Till Now the scientific basis for the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of most manufactured nanomaterials are not understood. The mechanisms underlying the toxicity of nanomaterials have recently been studied intensively. The growth of ROS has increase which leads to oxidative stress, resulting in cells failing to maintain normal physiological redox-regulated functions. This in turn leads to DNA damage, tolerant cell signaling, change in cell motility, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and cancer beginning. There are critical determinants that can affect the generation of ROS. These critical causes, discussed briefly here, include: size, shape, particle surface, surface positive charges, surface-containing groups, and particle dissolution, metal ion release from nonmetals and nanometer oxides, UV light activation, aggregation, mode of interaction with cells, inflammation, and pH of the medium. The Nano size particles are probable to raise an needless unlimited toxicological effect on animals and environment, although their toxicological effects related with human exposure are still unknown.